Christianity - Papacy in Rome
The office of the Pope and the institution of papacy in the Roman Catholic Church can be traced back to the 4th century AD. The popes, who are also considered to be the successors of the Apostle Peter and earthly representatives of Jesus Christ, felt responsible for the salvation of all people. This inevitably resulted not only in fierce power struggles between secular and spiritual rulers, but also between religions.
The Pope will be elected for life in the conclave out of the eligible cardinals. He is the absolute monarch of the Vatican City State, where he holds the legislative, executive and judicial powers.